Instrumental testing in psychology

 


Introduction:

Psychology is a branch of science that studies human behavior, thinking, feeling, learning, sensation, intelligence, and personality. Since these are very subtle and internalized factors, it is not easy to measure them accurately. Therefore, there is a need for standardized, standardized, and scientific tests for this purpose.

Tests are psychological instruments designed to measure the personal, intellectual, emotional, and sensory characteristics of an individual. They are useful for teachers, counselors, doctors, employment agencies, and researchers.


Types of Achievement Tests:

There are two main types of achievement tests, which are as follows.

Tests that are standardized

Teacher-designed tests

Three more types of standardized tests can be seen.


  • Oral test
  • Short form test
  • Essay test

Teacher-made tests can be of two types


  • Objective questions
  • Subjective questions

1. Intelligence Tests:

Intelligence is the set of analytical abilities, reasoning, logical reasoning, memory, learning ability, etc. of the human brain. Many intelligence tests have been developed in psychology to measure these factors:


  • Binet-Simon test
  • Stanford-Binet test
  • Wechsler Intelligence Scales (WAIS/WISC)

2. Personality Tests:


Personality means a person's unique behavior pattern, opinion, feeling and style of behavior. There are two types of tests to measure personality:

 MMPI (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory)

 16 PF

 MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator)

3. Aptitude & Interest Tests:

 Differential Aptitude Test (DAT)

 Strong Interest Inventory

 Kuder Preference Record


4. Achievement & Diagnostic Tests:

Tests are used to measure a student's academic achievement. Diagnostic tests are used to identify factors such as Special Learning Disabilities (LD), ADHD, Dyslexia.

5. Opinion and Motivation Tests:

Tests that measure the willpower, motivation level, and goal orientation of students or employees are also in use. For example: Motivation Scales, Diligence Scale.

6. Projective Tests:

TAT (Thematic Apperception Test): By showing different pictures and telling them a story, the inner feelings and intentions of a person are revealed.

 Rorschach Inkblot Test: A method of understanding a person's attitude based on their reaction to seeing inkblot pictures made of ink.

Conclusion:

Instrumental tests are used in many ways in psychology. These help in accurately measuring a person's personality, intelligence, interests, abilities and emotions. Such tools are useful in providing appropriate guidance to students in the field of education, identifying potential that can be developed in the field of employment, and determining treatment in the field of mental health.

Dear readers, if there are any minor errors in this, and if there are any problems or questions, please let me know through comments and follow me.

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Jean Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory

Image
                              Jean Piaget Jean Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, is widely known for his pioneering work in child development. His Cognitive Development Theory explains how children construct a mental model of the world around them and how their thinking processes develop through various stages. Piaget believed that cognitive development in children occurs in a series of stages that are universal and follow a specific order. He emphasized that children are not passive learners but active participants in the learning process, constructing knowledge through their experiences. Key Concepts of Piaget's Theory Before exploring the stages, it's essential to understand some key concepts in Piaget’s theory: Schemas: Schemas are basic mental structures or frameworks that help individuals organize and interpret information. They are like building blocks of knowledge. F...
Read more

Kohlberg's stages of moral development

Image
                                       Kohlberg Lawrence Kohlberg, a famous American psychologist, described the stages of moral development of an individual. Using his studies, he made important contributions to moral development. Kohlberg developed his own perspective, incorporating the ideas of Jean Piaget. Kohlberg divided moral development into three main stages and each of these into two substages, which can be divided into six stages in total. 1. Pre-constitutive Stage: During this stage, children's morality is probably shaped by rewards and punishments. They evaluate their behavior by external consequences. Stage 1: Punishment and Subordination: During this stage, children behave in a way that is not necessarily dictated by rules. They quickly judge the purity of behavior by its effectiveness. For example, "I can't do this because punishment is a test." Stage 2: Personal gain and ...
Read more

Assessment for Learning and Assessment for Education: Principles and Needs

Image
  Assessment for Learning and Assessment for Education: Principles and Needs In education, “Assessment” is essential to measure any progress and success, to identify appropriate outcomes externally and to assess student learning ability. Both the concepts of “Assessment for Learning” and “Assessment for Education” can lead to effective learning in the field of education. In this blog, we will discuss their considerations, differences and their importance in the current education system. Assessment for Learning: “Assessment for Education” is often called “Summative Assessment”. It is a concept of need used to measure student learning at the end of a sentence or after a specific period of time. In this, the conditions are usually intended to measure the student’s achievement. For example, final exams, final projects, and individual or group presentations. Assessment for Education provides additional responsibilities to students, as it motivates them to achieve better results. It prov...
Read more